• Pure Electric vs plug-in hybrid, wanene yanzu babban direban sabon ci gaban fitar da makamashi?
  • Pure Electric vs plug-in hybrid, wanene yanzu babban direban sabon ci gaban fitar da makamashi?

Pure Electric vs plug-in hybrid, wanene yanzu babban direban sabon ci gaban fitar da makamashi?

A cikin 'yan shekarun baya-bayan nan, yawan motocin da kasar Sin ta ke fitarwa ya ci gaba da yin wani sabon salo. A shekarar 2023, kasar Sin za ta zarce kasar Japan, kuma za ta zama kasa ta farko da ta fi fitar da motoci a duniya tare da yawan motocin da yawansu ya kai miliyan 4.91. Ya zuwa watan Yuli na wannan shekara, adadin motocin da kasar ta ke fitarwa ya kai raka'a miliyan 3.262, karuwar kashi 28.8 cikin dari a duk shekara. Tana ci gaba da kiyaye ci gabanta kuma tana da tsayin daka a matsayin kasa mafi girma a duniya da ke fitar da kayayyaki.

Fitar da motoci na ƙasata ya mamaye motocin fasinja. Yawan adadin fitar da kayayyaki a cikin watanni bakwai na farko shine raka'a miliyan 2.738, wanda ya kai kashi 84% na jimillar, yana riƙe da haɓakar lambobi biyu sama da 30%.

mota

Dangane da nau'in wutar lantarki, har yanzu motocin man fetur na gargajiya ne ke kan gaba wajen fitar da man. A cikin watanni bakwai na farko, jimlar yawan fitar da kayayyaki zuwa ketare ya kai motoci miliyan 2.554, wanda ya karu da kashi 34.6 a duk shekara. Sabanin haka, yawan adadin sabbin motocin makamashi na fitar da kayayyaki a cikin wannan lokacin ya kai raka'a 708,000, karuwa a duk shekara da kashi 11.4%. Yawan ci gaban ya ragu sosai, kuma gudummawar da yake bayarwa ga fitar da motoci gabaɗaya ya ragu.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa, a shekarar 2023 da kuma kafin nan, sabbin motocin makamashi ne suka kasance babbar hanyar fitar da motocin kasarta zuwa kasashen waje. A shekarar 2023, fitar da motocin da kasarta ke fitarwa za su kasance raka'a miliyan 4.91, karuwar kowace shekara da kashi 57.9%, wanda ya zarce yawan karuwar motocin man fetur, musamman saboda karuwar sabbin makamashi da kashi 77.6% a shekara. ababan hawa. Tun daga shekarar 2020, sabbin abubuwan da ake fitarwa na makamashin lantarki sun sami ci gaba fiye da ninki biyu, tare da yawan fitar da kayayyaki na shekara-shekara daga kasa da motoci 100,000 zuwa motoci 680,000 a shekarar 2022.

Duk da haka, karuwar sabbin motocin makamashin da ake fitarwa a bana ya ragu sosai a bana, lamarin da ya yi illa ga ci gaban fitar da motoci gaba daya a kasata. Kodayake yawan fitar da kayayyaki gabaɗaya har yanzu ya karu da kusan kashi 30% a duk shekara, ya nuna koma bayan wata-wata. Bayanai na watan Yuli sun nuna cewa fitar da motocin da kasar ta ke fitarwa ya karu da kashi 19.6% duk shekara kuma ya ragu da kashi 3.2% a duk wata.
Musamman ga sabbin motocin makamashi, duk da cewa yawan fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje ya sami ci gaba mai lamba biyu na 11% a cikin watanni bakwai na farkon wannan shekara, ya fadi da sauri idan aka kwatanta da karuwar ninki 1.5 a daidai wannan lokacin a bara. A cikin shekara guda kacal, sabbin motocin makamashi na ƙasata sun fuskanci sauye-sauye masu yawa. Me yasa?

Fitar da sabbin motocin makamashi ya ragu

A cikin watan Yulin bana, sabbin motocin makamashin da kasar ta ke fitarwa ya kai raka'a 103,000, karuwar karuwar kashi 2.2 cikin dari a duk shekara, kuma ci gaban ya kara raguwa. Idan aka kwatanta, yawancin adadin fitar da kayayyaki na wata-wata kafin watan Yuni har yanzu yana ci gaba da haɓaka ƙimar girma na shekara-shekara fiye da 10%. Koyaya, haɓakar haɓakar haɓakar tallace-tallace na wata-wata wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari bai sake bayyana ba.
Samuwar wannan al'amari ya samo asali ne daga abubuwa da yawa. Da farko dai, babban haɓakar tushen fitar da sabbin motocin makamashi ya shafi ci gaban ci gaban. A cikin 2020, adadin fitar da sabbin motocin makamashi na ƙasata zai kasance kusan raka'a 100,000. Tushen yana da ƙananan kuma girman girma yana da sauƙi don haskakawa. Zuwa shekarar 2023, adadin fitar da kayayyaki ya yi tsalle zuwa motoci miliyan 1.203. Ƙaddamar da tushe ya sa ya zama da wuya a kula da girman girman girma, kuma raguwa a cikin girman girma yana da ma'ana.

Na biyu, sauye-sauyen manufofin manyan kasashe masu fitar da kayayyaki sun shafi sabbin motocin makamashin da kasata ke fitarwa.

A cewar bayanai daga Babban Hukumar Kwastam, Brazil, Belgium, da kuma Burtaniya sune manyan kasashe uku masu fitar da sabbin motocin makamashi a cikin kasata a farkon rabin farkon bana. Bugu da kari, kasashen Turai irin su Spain da Jamus su ma suna da muhimmiyar kasuwa ga sabbin makamashin da kasata ke fitarwa. A bara, tallace-tallacen da ƙasata ta yi na sabbin motocin makamashi da ake fitarwa zuwa Turai ya kai kusan kashi 40% na jimillar. Koyaya, a wannan shekara, tallace-tallace a cikin ƙasashe membobin EU gabaɗaya sun nuna yanayin ƙasa, ya faɗi kusan 30%.

Babban abin da ya haifar da wannan lamarin shi ne binciken da kungiyar EU ta yi kan motocin lantarki da ake shigowa da su kasata. Daga ranar 5 ga watan Yuli, EU za ta sanya harajin wucin gadi na 17.4% zuwa 37.6% kan motocin lantarki masu tsafta da ake shigo da su daga kasar Sin bisa ka'ida ta kashi 10%, tare da wa'adin watanni 4. Wannan manufar kai tsaye ta haifar da raguwar sayar da motocin lantarki da kasar Sin ta ke fitarwa zuwa Turai, wanda hakan ya shafi yadda ake fitar da kayayyaki gaba daya.
Toshe matasan cikin sabon injin don haɓakawa

Duk da cewa motocin da suke amfani da wutar lantarki na kasarmu sun samu ci gaba mai ninki biyu a yankin Asiya da Kudancin Amurka da Arewacin Amurka, duk da cewa yawan motocin da ake fitarwa da su zuwa kasashen waje ya ragu sosai sakamakon raguwar tallace-tallacen da ake samu a kasuwannin Turai da na tekun Oceania.

Bayanai sun nuna cewa a farkon rabin shekarar 2024, kayayyakin da kasata ta fitar da motocin lantarki masu tsafta zuwa Turai sun kai raka'a 303,000, raguwar kashi 16% a duk shekara; Abubuwan da ake fitarwa zuwa Oceania sun kasance raka'a 43,000, raguwar shekara-shekara na 19%. Yanayin ƙasa a cikin waɗannan manyan kasuwanni biyu na ci gaba da faɗaɗa. Wannan ya shafa, fitar da motocin lantarki tsaftar da kasar ta ke fitarwa ya ragu tsawon watanni hudu a jere tun daga watan Maris, inda raguwar ta karu daga kashi 2.4% zuwa 16.7%.

Gabaɗayan fitar da sabbin motocin makamashi a cikin watanni bakwai na farko har yanzu yana ci gaba da bunƙasa lambobi biyu, musamman saboda ƙarfin aiki na nau'ikan nau'ikan toshe-in (toshe-in). A watan Yuli, fitowar fitarwa da Vork-in Hybrids sun kai motoci 27,000, shekara-shekara karuwar shekara sau 1.9; Adadin adadin fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje a cikin watanni bakwai na farko ya kai motoci 154,000, wanda ya karu da sau 1.8 a duk shekara.

Matsakaicin nau'ikan nau'ikan toshe cikin sabbin abubuwan hawa makamashi ya tashi daga 8% a bara zuwa 22%, a hankali ya maye gurbin motocin lantarki masu tsabta a matsayin babban direban haɓaka sabbin abubuwan hawa makamashi.

Samfuran nau'ikan nau'ikan toshe suna nuna saurin girma a yankuna da yawa. A farkon rabin shekara, fitar da kayayyaki zuwa Asiya ya kasance motoci 36,000, karuwa a kowace shekara sau 2.9; zuwa Kudancin Amirka motoci 69,000 ne, karuwar sau 3.2; zuwa Arewacin Amurka motoci 21,000 ne, karuwar kowace shekara sau 11.6. Ƙarfin haɓakawa a waɗannan yankuna yadda ya kamata ya daidaita tasirin raguwa a Turai da Oceania.

Haɓakar tallace-tallacen samfuran tologin na Sinawa a kasuwanni da yawa a duniya yana da alaƙa da kyakkyawan aikinsu na farashi da kuma aiki. Idan aka kwatanta da samfuran lantarki masu tsafta, nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan fulogi suna da ƙananan farashin kera abin hawa, kuma fa'idodin samun damar amfani da mai da wutar lantarki suna ba su damar ɗaukar ƙarin yanayin amfani da abin hawa.

Masana'antar gabaɗaya ta yi imanin cewa, fasahar haɗaɗɗen fasaha tana da fa'ida mai fa'ida a cikin sabuwar kasuwar makamashi ta duniya kuma ana sa ran za ta ci gaba da tafiya tare da motocin lantarki masu tsafta da kuma zama ƙashin bayan sabbin motocin makamashin da Sin ke fitarwa zuwa ketare.


Lokacin aikawa: Agusta-13-2024